Top 3Ds Software

LightWave, Maya, and 3DS max are all top of the line 3d packages put you also pay for them. Maya has a personal learning edition that is free but everything is water marked. Bryce is not widly used in the professional 3d world. Its not quite as powerful as the others. LightWave, Maya, and 3DS max are the best that i know of.

Source: GID Forum

Share PTK 1 Questions

Well, yes... of course I know... we can't take the exam paper out from the examination hall. But if you still remember the questions OR maybe you were blurred in the exam hall and you finally thought, heyy... why not I write down the questions for my future reference... or bla... bla... bla... so why not share them here. :) Just post it in the comment form. To actually see the comment form, you have to click on "Share PTK Questions" link. Happy sharing...

ICT related circulars

List of ICT related circulars that should be referred by all IT officers and staffs in Malaysian government sectors.

1. Garis Panduan Tatacara Memohon Kelulusan Teknikal Projek ICT Agensi Kerajaan

2. Garis Panduan IT Outsourcing Agensi-agensi Sektor Awam

3. Garis Panduan Tatacara Penggunaan Internet dan Mel Elektronik Di Agensi-agensi Kerajaan

4. Dasar Keselamatan Teknologi Maklumat dan Komunikasi Kerajaan

5. Panduan Pengurusan Keselamatan ICT Sektor Awam Malaysia (MYMIS)

6. The Malaysian Government Interoperability Framework for Open Source Software (MyGIFOSS)

Multimedia

Pengenalan
· Teknologi tinggi pada masa kini.
· Multimedia boleh digunakan oleh pelbagai masyarakat dari latarbelakang yang sangat berlainan
- Dari disiplin kerja dan profesion yang berbeza
- Ada yang teknikal dan yang tidak teknikal (KREATIF)
- Kumpulan hiburan dan pendidikan menerokai aplikasi baru, industri komputer, telekomunikasi, elektronik mewujudkan teknologi berlainan.

Contoh :
- Pengguna komputer mungkin mengguna persembahan multimedia, stesenkerja multimedia, pangkalan data multimedia
- Pembangun multimedia yang terlibat ialah pengarang persembahan, perekabentuk stesenkerja, penyelidik pangkalan data (iaitu dari golongan pembangun yang teknikal dan ada yang dari bidang pengkhususan yang lebih kreatif)

Penterjemahan Langsung
Media - Merujuk kepada satu bentuk interaksi manusia yang bersesuaian dengan perolehan dan pemprosesan menggunakan komputer seperti video, audio, teks, grafik, animasi

Multi - Menandakan beberapa daripada media tersebut wujud dalam sistem atau aplikasi yang sama

Perbincangan Takrifan Multimedia
· Ada banyak pandangan berbeza mengenai takrifan multimedia
· Boleh dikatakan bahwa takrifan perlu diberi berdasarkan konteks

Contoh : Dari aspek
- Aplikasi
- Sistem komputer (perkakasan dan perisian)
- Komunikasi dan rangkaian

Takrifan Multimedia

· Dalam konteks kelas ini, penekanan akan diberi kepada sistem multimedia (perkakasan dan perisian) dan teknologi yang terlibat dalam pengendalian setiap media

· Dalam konteks sistem komputer
- Sistem komputer multimedia yang berkebolehan mengintegrasi dua atau lebih bentuk media dalam satu dokumen elektronik
- Media : Audio, video, animasi, grafik dan teks

Terminologi
· Multimedia
· Information/Maklumat
· Aplikasi – Program komputer yang menyediakan tujuan yang specifik

Cth : Word, Powerpoint, Excel
· Interaktif – Aplikasi dalam kawalan (menyediakan pilihan kepada pengguna)
· Developers (Pembangun) – Orang yang terlibat dalam pembangunan produk multimedia
· User (Pengguna) – Biasa disebut End-User. Individu ataupun kumpulan yang menggunakan produk multimedia
· Authoring tools (alat pengarangan) – Perisian yang digunakan untuk membangunkan produk multimedia
· Produk – Produk multimedia yang lengkap dibangunkan di mana boleh digunakan kan oleh pengguna

Teknologi Multimedia
· Kewujudan sistem dan perkhidmatan multimedia bergantung kepada kemajuan dalam
1. sistem senibina komputer
2. sistem pengoperasian
3. komunikasi rangkaian
4. teknologi perisian
5. antaramuka

Contoh
- Pemproses ‘integrated-circuit’ digital murah dan chip memori yang cukup pantas bagi mengendali kesemua media dalam bentuk digital
- Cakera murah dengan muatan yang mencukupi bagi menyimpan kuantiti yang sesuai bagi semua media
- Penghantaran data melalui komunikasi rangkaian bukan sahaja melalui fiber-optik malah kabel televisyen biasa, dawai telefon dan sebagainya

Bidang-bidang penggunaan aplikasi Multimedia
· Penggunaan multimedia terhadap pengguna
- Penyelidikan dan bahan rujukan
- Pendidikan
- Hiburan dan permainan
- Tele-pemasaran

· Penggunaan multimedia terhadap pengeluar atau pengedar
- Kiosks
- Penghantaran maklumat rangkaian
- Jualan dan persembahan
- Simulasi dan latihan
- Penerbitan elektronik

· Penggunaan multimedia terhadap pekerja
- Pangkalan data multimedia
- Visualisasi data
- Groupware
- Komunikasi

http vs https

Difference between http:// and https:// Very important... must know!

The main difference between http:// and https:// is it's all about keeping you secure HTTP stands for HyperText Transport Protocol, which is just a fancy way of saying it's a protocol (a language, in a manner of speaking) for information to be passed back and forth between web servers and clients. The important thing is the letter S which makes the difference between HTTP and HTTPS.

The S (big surprise) stands for "Secure". If you visit a website or webpage, and look at the address in the web browser, it will likely begin with the following: http:// This means that the website is talking to your browser using the regular 'unsecure' language. In other words, it is possible for someone to "eavesdrop" on your computer's conversation with the website. If you fill out a form on the website, someone might see the information you send to that site. This is why you never ever ever enter your credit card number in an http website! But if the web address begins with https:// that basically means your computer is talking to the website in a secure code that no one can eavesdrop on. You understand why this is so important, right? If a website ever asks you to enter your credit card information, you should automatically look to see if the web address begins with https://

If it doesn't, there's no way you're going to enter sensitive information like a credit card number!

Information System (IS)

Executive Information System (EIS)
An Executive Information System (EIS) is a type of management information system intended to facilitate and support the information and decision making needs of senior executives by providing easy access to both internal and external information relevant to meeting the strategic goals of the organization. It is commonly considered as a specialized form of a Decision Support System (DSS).

The emphasis of EIS is on graphical displays and easy-to-use user interfaces. They offer strong reporting and drill-down capabilities. In general, EIS are enterprise-wide DSS that help top-level executives analyze, compare, and highlight trends in important variables so that they can monitor performance and identify opportunities and problems. EIS and data warehousing technologies are converging in the marketplace.

Management Information Systems (MIS)
Management Information Systems (MIS) is a general name for the academic discipline covering the application of people, technologies, and procedures — collectively called information systems — to solve business problems. MIS are distinct from regular information systems in that they are used to analyze other information systems applied in operational activities in the organization.[1] Academically, the term is commonly used to refer to the group of information management methods tied to the automation or support of human decision making, e.g. Decision Support Systems, Expert systems, and Executive information systems.[1]

Decision support systems (DSS)
Decision support systems are a class of computer-based information systems including knowledge based systems that support decision making activities.

Because there is no exact definition of DSS, there is obviously no agreement on the standard characteristics and capabilities of DSS. Turban, E.,Aronson, J.E., and Liang, T.P. [23] constitute an ideal set of characteristics and capabilities of DSS. The key DSS characteristics and capabilities are as follows:
* Support for decision makers in semistructured and unstructured problems.
* Support managers at all levels.
* Support individuals and groups.
* Support for interdependent or sequential decisions.
* Support intelligence, design, choice, and implementation.
* Support variety of decision processes and styles.
* DSS should be adaptable and flexible.
* DSS should be interactive and provide ease of use.
* Effectiveness balanced with efficiency (benefit must exceed cost).
* Complete control by decision-makers.
* Ease of development by (modification to suit needs and changing environment) end users.
* Support modeling and analysis.
* Data access.
* Standalone, integration and Web-based.

OSI

The Open Systems Interconnection Basic Reference Model (OSI Reference Model or OSI Model for short) is a layered, abstract description for communications and computer network protocol design, developed as part of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) initiative. It is also called the OSI seven layer model.

The layers, described below, are, from top to bottom:
1. Application
2. Presentation
3. Session
4. Transport
5. Network
6. Data Link, and
7. Physical.